Interfacing Sensors and Actuators

This unit advances students from basic Arduino setup to practical integration of sensors, actuators, and add‑on hardware, emphasizing hands‑on assembly, programming, and calibration. Students will assemble shields and circuits, solder components, interpret datasheets and resistor color codes, modify sketches, and apply smoothing and calibration techniques in preparation for capstone project work.

Learning Objectives

• Analyze component datasheets and resistor color charts to select appropriate resistors and electronic components and calculate expected circuit parameters (voltage, current, resistance) for given Arduino circuits.
• Apply safe workspace practices and soldering techniques to assemble shields and custom circuits, producing mechanically sound and electrically reliable connections according to industry guidelines.
• Demonstrate programming proficiency by modifying and combining Arduino sketches (buttons, analog inputs, motor control, sensor smoothing) to control LEDs, motors, and read sensors, achieving specified performance criteria such as stable sensor readings and variable motor speeds.
• Evaluate and calibrate sensor inputs and actuator responses using measurement methods (serial monitor, test instruments, laser trip tests, compass card procedures), identify sources of noise or error, and implement smoothing or calibration routines to meet defined accuracy thresholds.